AMH (Anti-Müllerian Hormone)

What AMH Measures

Granulosa cells are the cells that line each small ovarian follicle, and they secrete AMH as those follicles grow from the primary stage up through the small antral stage.^[1] Because AMH comes from that specific pool of growing follicles, its concentration in blood correlates with the size of the pool. That's why it's used as a marker of ovarian reserve rather than a measure of any single hormone pathway tied to ovulation.^[1] AMH also has its own role in follicle biology: it limits how many resting follicles get recruited into growth at once and dampens how responsive growing follicles are to FSH.^[1]

How It's Measured

AMH is measured from a blood draw and run as a standard immunoassay, usually as part of a broader hormone panel rather than as a standalone test. Estradiol, LH, and FSH move with the follicular and luteal phases, so testing them is tied to specific cycle days. AMH isn't: it's gonadotropin-independent, and clinical guidance allows a draw on any day of the cycle.^[3] Every lab reports AMH against its own reference interval, which varies by assay method and lab, so a single number only means something in the context of the lab that produced it.

Why People Track AMH

AMH shows up most often as one line in a broader hormone panel, alongside estradiol, LH, and FSH, when someone is working with a fertility clinic. It's a standard part of ovarian reserve testing and comes up in fertility workups, egg-freezing consults, and IVF cycle planning, where clinics use it (together with other markers and imaging) to plan stimulation protocols.^[3] It's a descriptive part of that workup, not something to interpret on your own. The clinic reading the full panel is the one drawing conclusions from it.

For more on how AMH fits alongside the other hormones people test together, see At-Home Hormone Tests, Explained.

How Go Go Gaia Tracks AMH

AMH is a lab value, not something a wearable or a daily log can capture. Upload a lab report PDF or CSV to the web app and Go Go Gaia pulls the AMH value out, stores it, and charts it on your timeline alongside your cycle data and other logged metrics. You see it in context with everything else you track over time.

What the Research Shows

Across a large U.S. cohort of 17,120 women presenting to fertility centers, median and mean AMH values declined steadily with age, at a rate of roughly 0.2 ng/mL per year through the mid-30s that slowed to about 0.1 ng/mL per year afterward.^[2] That's a population-wide pattern, not a rate that applies evenly to any one person.^[2]

A 2020 ASRM committee opinion notes that AMH has "largely replaced" basal FSH and estradiol testing as an ovarian reserve marker in clinical practice, in part because its concentration stays relatively consistent within and between cycles compared with those cyclical hormones.^[3]

A prospective cohort study of 981 women trying to conceive found that low AMH was not associated with reduced likelihood of conceiving that cycle, and the same ASRM opinion states plainly that ovarian reserve markers "do not predict current reproductive potential" in women without a fertility diagnosis.^[4] AMH is a marker correlated with follicle counts across populations, not a predictor of one person's chances, and that's why clinics use it inside a full workup rather than as a general fertility test.

Related Terms

Frequently Asked Questions

Educational information based on published sources. Not medical advice. For personal concerns, please consult your doctor.

What does AMH stand for?

AMH stands for anti-Müllerian hormone. It's a protein hormone made by granulosa cells inside small ovarian follicles, and labs typically report it in nanograms per milliliter (ng/mL).

Can AMH be tested on any day of the menstrual cycle?

Yes. AMH is considered gonadotropin-independent, meaning it doesn't rise and fall on the same cyclical pattern as hormones like estradiol or LH, so clinical guidance allows it to be drawn on any cycle day rather than requiring a specific early-follicular-phase window.

Does AMH predict how fertile someone is?

AMH is a population-level marker of ovarian reserve, meaning it correlates with follicle counts across large groups of people. It is not a validated predictor of an individual's chance of natural conception, and clinical guidance specifically cautions against using it that way.